OpenAI has launched two new open-weight language fashions—gpt-oss-120b and gpt-oss-20b—underneath the Apache 2.0 license, providing builders entry to fashions that carry out on par with proprietary methods in core reasoning and gear use benchmarks, whereas being optimised for environment friendly deployment on native or edge units.

gpt-oss is out!
we made an open mannequin that performs on the degree of o4-mini and runs on a high-end laptop computer (WTF!!)
(and a smaller one which runs on a telephone).
tremendous pleased with the workforce; huge triumph of know-how.

— Sam Altman (@sama) August 5, 2025

The bigger mannequin, gpt-oss-120b, achieves close to parity with OpenAI’s o4-mini on reasoning duties and might run on a single 80 GB GPU. The smaller gpt-oss-20b delivers related outcomes to o3-mini and is designed to function on units with simply 16 GB of reminiscence.

“These fashions are suitable with our Responses API⁠ and are designed for use inside agentic workflows with distinctive instruction following, instrument use like internet search or Python code execution, and reasoning capabilities,” OpenAI mentioned in an announcement. “They’re optimised to be used in agentic workflows like instrument use, internet search, and code execution.”

Each fashions assist configurable reasoning effort ranges—low, medium, and excessive—giving builders management over latency and efficiency trade-offs.

This launch from OpenAI comes after China lately launched a number of superior open-source fashions, together with DeepSeek V3, Kimi K2, Qwen3-Coder, GLM-4.5, and MiniMax-M1, signalling a significant push in world AI competitors.  Apparently, all the highest 10 trending fashions on Hugging Face are at the moment from Chinese language AI labs.

America must take open fashions extra significantly. This summer time the early lead in open mannequin adoption of the US through Llama has been overtaken by Chinese language fashions.
With The American Actually Open Fashions (ATOM) Undertaking we're seeking to construct assist and specific the urgency of this challenge. pic.twitter.com/cJVZfHPUdi

— Nathan Lambert (@natolambert) August 4, 2025

In benchmark evaluations, gpt-oss-120b surpassed OpenAI o3‑mini and performs on the degree of or higher than o4-mini in areas resembling aggressive coding (Codeforces), common problem-solving (MMLU and HLE), and performance calling duties (TauBench). It additionally delivers stronger outcomes than o4-mini on health-focused benchmarks (HealthBench) and mathematical competitions (AIME 2024 and 2025). 

gpt-oss-20b additionally matched or outperformed o3-mini on the identical benchmarks regardless of its smaller measurement.

The fashions use a mixture-of-experts structure. gpt-oss-120b has 117 billion parameters in whole however prompts solely 5.1 billion per token utilizing 128 consultants per layer. 

gpt-oss-20b prompts 3.6 billion parameters per token with 32 consultants. Each fashions assist context lengths as much as 128k tokens and make use of strategies resembling grouped multi-query consideration and Rotary Positional Embeddings.

The coaching information primarily consisted of English textual content, with an emphasis on STEM, code, and common information. The fashions had been tokenised utilizing the brand new o200k_harmony format, which has additionally been launched publicly.

These are the primary open-weight language fashions from OpenAI since GPT-2.The fashions had been post-trained utilizing strategies developed for the o4-mini sequence, together with reinforcement studying and supervised fine-tuning.

On security, OpenAI mentioned it performed adversarial fine-tuning to simulate malicious use circumstances and evaluated the outcomes utilizing its Preparedness Framework. 

To encourage broader neighborhood participation in security analysis, the AI firm is launching a Pink Teaming Problem with a $500,000 prize fund. A report and analysis dataset based mostly on the problem will likely be revealed later.

gpt-oss mannequin weights can be found on Hugging Face, with native quantisation in MXFP4 format for environment friendly reminiscence use. Reference implementations are offered for PyTorch and Apple Metallic, together with a concord immediate renderer in Python and Rust.

Deployment companions at launch embody Azure, Hugging Face, vLLM, Ollama, llama.cpp, LM Studio, AWS, Fireworks, Collectively AI, Baseten, Databricks, Vercel, Cloudflare, and OpenRouter.“Microsoft can also be bringing GPU-optimised variations of the gpt-oss-20b mannequin to Home windows units,” OpenAI mentioned 

The corporate mentioned that whereas gpt-oss is right for builders searching for customisable, native deployment, its proprietary API fashions stay the very best match for multimodal assist and built-in platform instruments. API assist for gpt-oss is into account based mostly on developer suggestions.

“Open fashions complement our hosted fashions,” OpenAI mentioned, including that it permits builders to innovate and construct safely with AI on their very own infrastructure, no matter geography or useful resource availability.

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